Tescos Entry into China

Tescos Entry into China 1.0 Introduction Tesco is the largest UK retailer and it operating their business in the Europe and Asia. In this project it also discussed about Tesco enter to the China market. This project is divided into two parts, which is task 1 and task 2. Task 1 is discussed about the internal and external influences. Internal influences involve training and development, organization structure, leadership and product and services. Moreover, external influence includes PEST analysis and Porters Five Forces. Follow the task 2 is discussed about global political change influences on policies and decision-making and the effectiveness of Tesco. Lastly, is discussed about the improvement of Tesco. 1.1 Background of company Tesco is the largest retailer in the UK and is the third largest retailer in the world. Tesco operation in 14 countries and have 470,000 employees in the worlds. (Tesco corporate responsibility report, 2009) Tesco establish in 1932 by Jack Cohen in the UK. In 1974, Tesco open the first petrol station. In 2000, Tesco.com is established and Tesco sell the product through the internet. (Tesco plc, 2009) Now Tesco has become a successful online retailer. Tesco provide a lot of products and services to the customers such as food product, non-food product, finance services, insurances services, mobile services and so on. According to Gary Bowerman (2007), Tesco enter into China in 2004 by joint venture with a Chinese business partners which is called Ting Hsin. Nowadays, Tesco has 70 stores in China. (Tesco corporate responsibility report, 2009) 2.0 Internal Influences 2.1 Training and development Training and development * Establish Tesco Academy * Provide training to employees and managers * Examples: 1) Introduction training one day long training new employee must participate in this training (Laszlo Gulyas, n.d.) 2) Multi skills training learn different skills in the different position (Laszlo Gulyas, n.d.) 3) Technical training learn about technical capability in the organization (Tesco Plc, 2010) 4) Behavioral training learn about team work, communication and personality development ( Tesco Plc, 2010) 5) Other training Examples: elevator-operator training, hygiene training, barrowman training, inventory training and so on. (Laszlo Gulyas, n.d.) * Also got provide personal development plan * Employees will works across different areas of stores, to learn different skills and get more experiences * Using 360-degree appraisal (The Times 100, 2010) Table 2.1: Training and development 2.1.1Responses on the training and development Tesco provide a good training and development to their employees. Tesco establish a Tesco Academy for their employees to training. It also provides a lot of program for employees to join such as higher education program is to help employees to get the certifications. Through the training, it improves work efficiency of each employee. Besides that, Tesco using 360-degree appraisal, to make sure the training provided to the employees is efficient. The training provide by Tesco is not only for improved the present job it also for employees to prepare for their future job. Tesco can become a largest UK retailer because they have a group of efficient employees. 2.2 Organization Structure Organization Structure * Decentralized structure (Hedgehog, n.d.) * Hierarchical structure- is very easy to understand the structure -simple structure let employee easily to see who is in charge in each department (Hedgehog, n.d.) * Provide six works level to the employees (The Times 100, 2010) Table 2.2: Organization structure 2.2.1 Responses on the organization structure Tesco is a decentralized structure company. The decentralized structure are very effective because is able for store manager to make the decision. An example, the store manager is more understand the environment working; they can make an effective decision rather than top manager. Next, provide an opportunity for store manager to make decision is also a motivation for employee to work. Decentralized structure also can decrease red tape problem in Tesco. The hierarchical structure shows a very clear and the employees are easily to see who is in charge person. Besides that, there are six work levels in the Tesco. Each level requires specific skills from the employees. The purpose of this six work levels is want the employees to understand what kinds of skills they need. Tesco provide a very clear structure for employees to know what they should do in organization. Employees more understand their roles it can help to improve their works efficiency. A good and clear organization structur e can help Tesco growth rapidly. 2.3 Leadership Leadership  · Sir Terry Leahy, CEO at Tesco * He is a marketing genius, clear thinker and good listener * Global recession, sales of Tesco still growth * Tesco employee said that, he is a good boss to work for. He give reward to the employee who performance well. * The Tesco employee said that, â€Å" he never loses his temper or raises his voice† * Sir Terry Leahy says: â€Å"I believe a lot in people. I believe a lot in the potential of people. So, I have never lost that belief that people are capable of incredible things if you give them the confidence and opportunity†. ( Paul Vallely, 2009) * He chosen as Britains â€Å"Business Leader of the Year† in 2003 * He selected as most admired business leader by Management Today in 2005 * He selected as the most influential non-elected person in Britain in 2007 (Lancaster University, 2008) Table 2.3: Leadership 2.3.1 Responses on the leadership Sir Terry Leahy is a CEO of Tesco. The main reason Tesco can become the third largest food retailer in the whole world is because Tesco has a good leader. Sir Terry Leahy is a good business leader. Sir Terry Leahy is a good business leader, he was very power on promote potential employee. He believe that every person have their own strength, just waiting an opportunity for them to performance. Furthermore, he is a friendly person. He does not think he is a CEO; he will take lunch with colleague in the Tesco canteen. Next, when he goes to watch the football he does not sit in the director place, he will sit with the football fans. (Paul Vallely, 2009) He is a high EQ person; he does not lose his temper to their employees. According to the Douglas McGregor Theory X and Theory Y, Sir Terry Leahy is a theory Y manager. Theory Y manager believe that employee in the right conditions will be work hard and also will increase the output. (Richard M. Hodgetts, et al., 2006, p.g399) By and larg e, leader is an important role in the company, it can influencing a company activities and employees performance. A good leader can lead a company to achieve a goal. Tesco can become successful is because they have a smart leader. 2.4 Product and services Product and services  · Food product: vegetables, fish, canned goods and etc.  · Non-food product: clothing, electronic product, stationery and so on.  · Electronic product produced by Tesco- Technika * Banking services- Tesco Bank * Insurances services, mobile services, petrol station, online sales and etc. * Tesco Clubcard (Wikepedia, 2010) Table 2.4: Product and services 2.4.1 Responses on the product and services Tesco sells a lot of food product, non-food product and services to the consumers. Tesco Clubcard is one of the services provide by Tesco to retain and attract customers. Tesco Clubcard holders can get the points when they purchase in Tesco. After collect enough points, consumers can use these points to exchange the Tesco voucher. In addition that, Tesco also sell the product through the internet, all the products are available on the internet in 24 hours. Tesco not only just focus on sells food products, it also has many other business such as banking, insurances, mobile services and so on. Although global recession but the sales of Tesco still increase because consumers are satisfied the product and services provide by Tesco. 3.0 External influences 3.1 PEST Analysis PEST analysis are stands for political, economic, social-cultural and technology. PEST analysis is used to look at the environment before start the business. In the following part, I will use PEST analysis to analyze the China market. 3.1.1 Political Political * China is a totalitarian government * In 17 September 2001, China has entered to World Trade Organization (WTO) (World Trade Organization, 2001) * China have a serious problem on human right issues -Death penalty, in 2008, China has the highest number of death penalty which is 1718 (Amnesty International, 2009) -One child policy-according to BBC News (2000), China introduces one-child policy to control population. * China has serious problem on corruption -According to the Global Competitiveness report (2009), the corruption problem rank numbers six in the China. -China gets 3.6 points, which 0 represent the most corrupt country. (Transparency International, 2009) Table 3.1.1: Political 3.1.1.1. Responses on the political China has inefficient government bureaucracy, it create red tape and corruption problem. A country has a serious corruption incident will affect poverty and income inequality by reducing economic growth and investors will lose of interest invest in the country. Red tape also effect all the process cannot run smoothly and every decision need to take a long time to getting approval. In the 21st century, government should respect the human right and must reduce the death penalty without conviction. As conclude, China government should reorganize the bureaucracy then the country will become more developed and prosperous. 3.1.2 Economic Economic * China economic growth rapidly * China every year increasing in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) * In 2007, the GDP of China was 33,535.3 billion yuan and raise 8.7 over the 2008. The GDP, 2005-2009 graphs shows it in appendix. (National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2010) * 779.95 million people employed in China, 5.15 million more than 2008. (National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2010) * Net income per capital of China urban raised 9.8% than 2008 and income per capital of rural raised 8.5% (National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2010) Table: 3.1.2 Economic 3.1.2.1 Responses on the economic China has become a populous country and it is one of the most important countries for economy power. A lot of people said that, a company does not doing business with China is not consider as the developed company. Hence, China has become receiving most foreign direct investment (FDI) in the world. This proves that, China has become a powerful country. The economy of China has growth rapidly, the residents have earned more money and it also improves their standard of living. I believed that after the ten years, China will surpass the United Stated and become the largest and powerful economy in the world. 3.1.3 Social-cultural Social-cultural  · China has more than 1.3 billion people  · People Daily Online (2007) mention that China has 37 million more males than females because Chinese people traditional minds to prefer a boy.  · China has various regions such as Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Christian and so on.  · Most of the people speak Mandarin  · Important business culture: â€Å"guanxi†  · â€Å"guanxi† means good connection and good relationship with business partners. (Richard M. Hodgetts, et al., 2006, p.g.141)  · In a survey of 2000 people, 92% agree that â€Å"guanxi† play an important role in the daily life. (Rosalie L. Tung, 1996, p.g.239)  · Can send the gifts to business partners or government officials on festival such as Chinese New Year. Table 3.1.3: Social-cultural 3.1.3.1 Responses on the social-cultural China has more than 1.3 billion people and it is a very complicated country for the westerners. China has thousands years of history, it has a lot of culture and this is hard to understand by foreigners. For doing business in China, at least one of the investor must know how to speak in mandarin. Another important business culture that investors have to be aware is â€Å"guanxi†. â€Å"Guanxi† means good connection with business partners. (Richard M. Hodgetts, et al., 2006, p.g.141) In western perspective, â€Å"guanxi† means of bribery but this is very important business culture in China. Investors have a good relationship with people, the business can be more successful and it also can minimize the risks when doing business. Although we understand that â€Å"guanxi† is not a good behavior but we still need to follow their business culture because Chinese people got one famous dictum that is â€Å" Ru Jing Sui Su†, means every person go to a new en vironment, must follow their culture. 3.1.4 Technology Technology  · China has become the second largest online population after United States. (Mark Ward, 2005)  · According to Internet World Stats (2010), in 2009, internet user was increase 9.7% over previous years. The table of internet usage and population statistics in China shows it in appendix.  · Chinese people reject to use online for purchasing and payment because of worry about security.  · The China Market Research Group (CMR) has interviewed 500 young people, 80% people said that they have made online purchasing and they will purchase again in the future. (Shaun Rein, 2008)  · In 2009, China government spending US$78.3bn on improve technology to create a good technology environment. (Research and markets, 2010) Table 3.1.4: Technology 3.1.4.1 Responses on the technology Although the report shows that China people satisfied with online purchasing and payment but I believed that still a lot of people worry about the security on payment and purchasing. Making e-business in China seems to be challenge for the investors. China government already spends a lot of money to improve the technology, after few years, China will become a potential country for doing e-business. 3.2 Porters Five Forces According to businessballs.com (2009), Porters five forces model provide â€Å"a simple perspective for assessing and analyzing the competitive strength and position of a corporation or business organization.† Porters five forces include the degree of rivalry, threats of new entrants, threats of substitutes, buyer power and supplier power. In this part, I will use Porters five forces to analyze the China market. 3.2.1 Degree of rivalry Degree of rivalry Local competitors * LianHua supermarket * More than 3870 supermarkets, hypermarkets and convenience store * The largest store in China * Strong competitors of Tesco (Yahoo Finance, 2010) Another strong local competitors * Hualian hypermarket * Wumart * Wuhan Zhunghai (Jean Kinsey and Min Xue, 2005) Foreign competitors * Carrefour -in 1995 moving to China -Carrefour as the largest foreign retailer in China -more than 345 stores * Wal-Mart -in 1996 moving to China * Metro -in 1996 moving to China (Jean Kinsey and Min Xue, 2005) Table 3.2.1: Degree of rivalry 3.2.1.1 Responses on the degree of rivalry Tesco has a lot of strong competitors in China such as LianHua supermarket, Hualian hypermarket Carrefour, Wal-Mart and so on. Tesco is hard to compete with them. One of the reasons is LianHua and Hualian is a local supermarket, its have a lot of knowledge about the Chinese consumers needs and the culture in China. Secondly, Carrefour, Wal-Mart and Metro have more than 10 years experience in China market. They are more understood the culture and customer needs rather than Tesco. Thirdly, Carrefour and Wal-Mart have more than 10 years in China; consumers are ready to accept them. Tesco is a new store in China; the consumers may take some time to accept the Tesco. Furthermore, the local competitors are very smart, they are very fast to copy the successful strategies from others companies and using this strategies to run their business. As conclude, Tesco has very tough competitors in China and they still got a long way to pay the effort to understand the China market and improve their marketing strategies. 3.2.2 Threat of new entrants Thereat of new entrants  · China is an attractive market for investors to enter  · Low barriers to enter.  · China government should set the block, control the foreign competitors enter. Table 3.2.2: Threat of new entrants 3.2.2.1 Responses on threat of new entrants After China join the WTO, the China become open market for foreign company. The foreign companies are very easier entering to China market. China government encourage foreign supermarket enter to China because it can provide a lot of job opportunities to the people. More people get the job it can improve the standard living and economic in China. China is look like gold-mine for investors, so it keep more foreign supermarket enter and it create a price war problem. Hence, the China government should set the block to control the foreign competitors enter. 3.2.3 Threats of substitute concepts Threats of substitute concepts * E-shopping -convenience, efficient, faster and available in 24 hours * Roadside market -consumer can bargaining the price of product * 7-eleven -convenience and available in 24 hours * Wet market -consumers can bargaining the price -consumers enjoy in the bargaining process especially old people -human contact Table 3.2.3: Threats of substitute concepts 3.2.3.1 Responses on threats of substitute concepts E-shopping, roadside market, 7-eleven and wet market is the substitute of Tesco. Now are more people prefer e-shopping because it save time, convenience and flexible. It just simply click the mouse, the product will delivered to our house. For the old people, they more prefer go to roadside and wet market. They like have a human contact with the owner of the stores. They also can bargain the price of product in the roadside and wet market and they enjoy the bargaining process. Moreover, 7-eleven also can consider as the substitute of Tesco. 7-eleven operate 24 hours, consumers can purchase the product in anytime they like. Even though roadside and wet market is the substitute of Tesco but I believe that in the future Tesco will replace the roadside and wet market. 3.2.4 Buyer power Buyer power  · Improve on standard living, increase in purchasing power and more people prefer go to supermarket.  · China ranks number two in buying power. (Tim Ahmann, 2008)  · More people prefer quality product  · China people prefer to buy a foreign product rather than local product. (K M Rehan Salahuddin, 2009) Table 3.2.4: Buyer power 3.2.4.1 Responses on buyer power China has huge populations that are over 1.3 billion people. Just imagine that, if every family go to Tesco purchase the product, Tesco can earn a lot of profits. Furthermore, the economics of China growth rapidly it has lead to increase the standard of living for the Chinese people and also affect them prefer go to supermarket rather than roadside and wet market. In the present time, Chinese people have more demanding on foreign and quality product. It is because they started aware on the quality of product, the customer services, the warranty and after sales services. Thus, the buyer power in China is very high. 3.2.5 Supplier power Supplier power * Difficult for small farmers to produce a large quantities and high quality crops. * Supplier powers are very low. (Jean Kinsey and Min Xue, 2005) Table 3.2.5: Supplier power 3.2.5.1 Responses on supplier power In China, the small farmers are difficult supply a large quantities crops to the market. Besides that, government prevents farmer over produce and the farmers just can cultivates about one hectare. (Jean Kinsey and Min Xue, 2005) Although the bargaining suppliers are low in China but Tesco has a good supply chain and they still can get the crops they want. Appendix YEAR Users Population % Pen. Usage Source 2000 22,500,000 1,288,307,100 1.7 % ITU 2001 33,700,000 1,288,307,100 2.6 % ITU 2002 59,100,000 1,288,307,100 4.6 % ITU 2003 69,000,000 1,288,307,100 5.4 % CNNIC 2004 94,000,000 1,288,307,100 7.3 % CNNIC 2005 103,000,000 1,289,664,808 7.9 % CNNIC 2006 137,000,000 1,317,431,495 10.4 % CNNIC 2007 162,000,000 1,317,431,495 12.3 % CNNIC 2008 253,000,000 1,330,044,605 19.0 % CNNIC 2009 384,000,000 1,338,612,968 28.7 % CNNIC

Human Resource Definition Essay

1. Contingent workers- Someone who is not an employee, but a temporary or part-time worker for a specific period of time and type of work. Employee engagement- The extent to which individuals feel linked to organizational success and how the organization performs positively. Human capital- The collective value of the capabilities, knowledge, skills, life experiences, and motivation of an organizational workforce. Human resource management- Designing management systems to ensure that human talent is used effectively and efficiently to accomplish organizational goals Organizational culture- The shared values and beliefs in an organization. Productivity- Measure of the quantity and quality of work done, considering the cost of the resources used Sustainability-Being able to continue to operate, survive, and adjust to significant changes. ————————————————- ————————————————- Essay Questions: Answer the following essay questions based on the book and class discussions. 2. Ethical behavior in an organization is likely to occur when an ethics program includes these four elements: The four elements necessary to quantify an organization’s ethics are 1) written code of ethics and standards 2) ethics training to executives, managers, and employees 3) availability for advice on ethical situations (i.e. advice lines or offices) and 4) systems for confidential reporting 3. What challenges face HR managers with regard to workforce availability and quality? What are potential solutions? Future supply of and demand for employees and the nature of workforce issues, including the retention of employees. These factors are used when recruiting applicants for job openings. The selection process is concerned with choosing qualified individuals to fill those jobs. 4. What are the three major roles of HR management? Which is/are the most affected by technology and outsourcing? Which roles are growing in importance? 1) administrative, 2) operational and employee advocate, and 3) strategic. 5. Identify the key competencies needed by all HR professionals, and the additional competencies needed by senior HR leaders. HR professionals need competencies in strategic knowledge and impacts; capabilities in legal, administrative, and operational areas; and technology knowledge abilities. Senior HR leaders need these areas plus others to be effective. ————————————————- HR Headline: Read the following and then in teams, answer the following questions: HR Headline: The Challenges and Crises Facing HR Management Recent economic downturns, industry crises, bank failures, closing of plants and stores, changes in global operations, and other factors have significantly affected organizations, managers, and Human Resource (HR) management professionals. Some jobs are in high demand while others are being eliminated. According to surveys, some of the biggest problems include the following: 1) Adjusting benefits programs due to increasing costs; 2) Attracting and retaining key employees; 3) Planning for replacement of â€Å"baby boomers† when they retire; 4) Using talent management to train and develop capabilities of employees for future job needs; 5) Dealing with the expanded personal and organizational use of HR technology through blogs, wikis, twitters, text messaging, and other aspects; and 6) Complying with revised and changing federal, state, and local legal requirements affecting discrimination, treatment errors, unionization, and others. Questions for Discussion: 1. What do you think will be the most important change in the economy that will influence HR management operations? Explain. Their media tend to be a big part of it since that how things are function more. There are so many way to communicate and get things done faster and is more time saving. Also attracts different type of people with different types of skills. 2. How do you think technology changes will change the way HR professionals do recruiting and selection of employees? What are the pros and cons of any changes? It helps people have easier way to apply for jobs or to show their talents. Help HR find people with the skills that they are looking for. But it also disqualifies many people for the reason they are in the internet/ profiles. 3. The number of jobs in HR is predicted to increase between now and 2018. Explain why you think that is? They are going to need more people to be able to hire other that are right for the jobs rather than outsourcing. Since many people are baby boomer, there are going retired soon so that means many companies are going to need new heiress there need HR to be able to cover all the new people that are coming. HR Headline: The Challenges and Crises Facing HR Management Recent economic downturns, industry crises, bank failures, closing of plants and stores, changes in global operations, and other factors have significantly affected organizations, managers, and Human Resource (HR) management professionals. Some jobs are in high demand while others are being eliminated. According to surveys, some of the biggest problems include the following: 1) Adjusting benefits programs due to increasing costs; 2) Attracting and retaining key employees; 3) Planning for replacement of â€Å"baby boomers† when they retire; 4) Using talent management to train and develop capabilities of employees for future job needs; 5) Dealing with the expanded personal and organizational use of HR technology through blogs, wikis, twitters, text messaging, and other aspects; and 6) Complying with revised and changing federal, state, and local legal requirements affecting discrimination, treatment errors, unionization, and others. Questions for Discussion: 4. What do you think will be the most important change in the economy that will influence HR management operations? Explain. Their media tend to be a big part of it since that how things are function more. There are so many way to communicate and get things done faster and is more time saving. Also attracts different type of people with different types of skills. 5. How do you think technology changes will change the way HR professionals do recruiting and selection of employees? What are the pros and cons of any changes? It helps people have easier way to apply for jobs or to show their talents. Help HR find people with the skills that they are looking for. But it also disqualifies many people for the reason they are in the internet/ profiles. 6. The number of jobs in HR is predicted to increase between now and 2018. Explain why you think that is? They are going to need more people to be able to hire other that are right for the jobs rather than outsourcing. Since many people are baby boomer, there are going retired soon so that means many companies are going to need new heiress there need HR to be able to cover all the new people that are coming. ————————————————- ————————————————- Chapter Video—Fruit Guys: After the video, answer the following questions. 6. What do you think will be the most important challenges for HR at Fruit Guys in the next five years? SUMMARYIZED THE VIDEO: It was showing how people in business think in the way of rewarding people in different positions. People that are in a higher position that are being rewarded for their performance in money show there performance actually got worse compare to the people in lower positions that are getting paid less. The study show that the people that have cram time to do a project are more productive and they show more passion on their job. Also people tend to do thing for free in there space time and are more productive since they are not pressured or force to do something they tend to be more productive. 7. Based on the CEO and other manager in the video, it appears that HR at Fruit Guys is expected to be involved in all three roles of HR. Describe an example of HR activities at Fruit Guys required for each of these roles shown in Figure 1-9 in the text.

Histology Detective and Brains Cape Essay

This case study focuses on the identification of metastatic tissues — cells that are â€Å"out of place† causing tumors elsewhere in the body. Name the cells you identified in this sample of lung tissue and the main characteristics that you can use to distinguish them. From the observation of the sample there are variety of cells which can be identified as melanocytes. The main characteristics that can be used in distinguishing them is their attachment to the stratified squamous epithelial tissue. Moreover, they are larger and darker compared to the surrounding calls. Melanocytes are densely packed and have only one nucleus. How did you use the main characteristics of different tissues that you learned in your lecture and lab sections as the basis for identifying those cells responsible for the tumor? I applied my histology knowledge from my lectures in distinguishing the features of different cells. I had knowledge on how melanocytes and the natural cells look like on a slide hence it was very easy distinguishing and describing the cells. The cells under observations were abnormal from their look. They were larger in size, darker in color and round. Moreover. Their nucleus were larger compared to the other nucleus of the normal cells and has less cytoplasm. The melanocytes on the slide is always darker compared to the normal cells. According to Garbe et al (2010), there exists significant differences between the tumor cells and the native cells since the tumor cells are widespread in the extracellular fluid, are larger, much darker and more so cube shaped. On the other hand, the native cells are packed densely, smaller, and elongated. In addition to the information in the case presentation (including the web sites contained in the case itself), what other information did you find to determine the identity of the cells and whether one type of cell had migrated from elsewhere in the body? Where did you find this information? What does each of these additional items contribute to the solution of the case? For example, the item contains data from specific tests, trials, or experiments, or presents analyses that can be used to understand the main issues in this case. The article â€Å"Diagnosis and treatment of melanoma: European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline† provided experimental illustrating melanoma components. This affirmed that native cells can be differentiated from the invasive cells by features such as arrangement, form and color. The study used histology in identifying the invasive cells from the non-invasive ones (Garbe et al, 2010). In the NIH article, â€Å"Diagnosis and treatment of early melanoma,† majorly the study was based on histology. The study distinguished fully developed melanoma and the early melanoma by categorizing their histological features. Moreover, they identified melanoma stages and different types of melanoma with application of histology (NIH et al, 1992). In the third study, researcher physicians in two universities in three different melanoma cases of various origins in the body. However, all the characteristics of the abnormal cells were distinguished to be melanocytes. The identified abnormal features of the cells are similar to the ones in this case study, hence proving that the abnormal cells observed in the lung tissue were melanocytes (Sonda et al, 2008). What other findings or information in this case are consistent with the information you located? Name those similarities in each of your additional resources. How do these resources apply what you have learned about identifying tissues and cells histologically? From the article I reviewed, there was similarity with the case study in many areas. First, all the studies and the case used a similar method in diagnosing melanoma. They applied the cells histological characteristics in determining their status whether they are noninvasive or invasive cells. The characteristics identified helped in classification of the cells and in determining their origin. What findings or information in each of the additional resources are not consistent with the findings in this case? Name those differences in each of your additional resources. How do these resources apply what you have learned about identifying tissues and cells histologically? In the article â€Å"Diagnosis and treatment of early melanoma,† the study asserted that the cells making melanoma were the stratified melanoma epithelium (NIH et al, 1992). This contradicts the results of the case If your proposed resolution of the case is correct, what other observations might we expect to find in this case? Other observations we might find include metastasis of the tumor to other organs hence the patients could suffer from other compounded problems like neurological problems, digestion and bleeding. Give your solution to this case and, on a scale of 1–5, rate how confident you are in your conclusions in questions 1 and 2 I would rate my confidence at 5 out of 5 because of the observable characteristics of melanoma In considering your resolution and level of confidence level from question 8, describe how you located the information you used in this case. To begin the search, I started with the most comprehensive data base that is Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (NINAH) (Kennedy 2009). The search then continued to search engines such as British Nursing Index, MEDLINE. Moreover PubMed and NCBI were other major search engines which assisted some of the relevant articles. These search engines were used because they contained most of the peer review articles and books. To limit and narrow down the search for articles, internal searches of the databases was used by inserting full length of texts and searching the relevant articles from the list of journals displayed. Moreover, I limited myself to the current articles of up to 5 years What you might do differently if you had it to do over again? For example, would you use different resources and strategies? Different information?First, I would use different relevant articles to make companions of different studies. Moreover, I would try using group work to get opinions and arguments of different group member. References Garbe, C., Peris, K., Hauschild, A., Saiag, P., Middleton, M., Spatz, A., Grob, J. J., †¦ Eggermont, A. (January 01, 2010). Diagnosis and treatment of melanoma: European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline. European Journal of Cancer, 46, 2, 270-283. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19959353Kennedy, J. R. (2009). Library research guide to education: illustrated search strategy and sources. Ann Arbor, Mich, Pierian Press.NIH Consensus Development Conference on Diagnosis and Treatment of Early Melanoma, & National Institutes of Health (U.S.). (1992). Diagnosis and treatment of early melanoma. Bethesda, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Office of Medical Applications of Research. Retrieved from http://consensus.nih.gov/1992/1992Melanoma088html.htmSonda, Vemon K., MD, Zager, Jonathan S., MD, Messiana, Jane L., MD. Hemonc today. (2008, Oct 10). Retrieved from http://www.hemonctoday.com/article.a spx?rid=37772 Source document

Elizabethan Clothes and Costumes - 703 Words

The people who lived during the Elizabethan Era were not allowed to wear whatever they like or desired. Their Fashion choices had to be followed by a strict law! The English people chose to establish social classes by the colors they wore and this had an affect on costumes used in theatre. Queen Elizabeth I followed the sumptuary laws, which was only certain classes were consent to wear specific fabric and colors. Therefore in plays the actors could only wear certain colors for their costumes that displayed what role and class their character was in. The clothes worn during this era was a result of Queen Elizabeth’s sumptuary laws, which had an affect on costumes used in plays, and each color a person wore had a significant meaning.†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Everyone who lived during the Elizabethan Era knew these laws and failure to follow them resulted in fines, lose of property, title, and life† (Elizabethan Costume). Since in English society clothing was a huge factor it ended up affecting costumes that were used in theatre. Next, actors had to abide by the sumptuary laws even while performing on stage. Therefore the second a performer walked onto the stage the audience could tell their role in the play just by looking at the color of the costume. â€Å"The Material and Fabric also had a similar effect,† the audience could tell what class the character was in by the quality of their costume and also it gave important information on that individual’s role (Elizabethan Actors). â€Å"Queen Elizabeth I had to give actors special licenses† to wear upper class clothes to fit their character or position (Globe Theatre Costume). When nobility or upper class people would come to see a play they would say it was like a double fashion show. The fabric and color of a person’s garments represented different pieces of information about them and since clothing was part of society and law everyone knew what the color or material meant. Lastly, each color, during this era, had a meaning and also represented which class a person was in. â€Å"Elizabethan clothing, material, and fabrics used in Elizabethan Era was extremely important† because clothes represented more than just how you looked it demonstrated yourShow MoreRelatedRenaissance Fashion Essay827 Words   |  4 Pagesrecognized for their clothing. Clothes determined someone’s status and reflected people’s social standing (Alchin, â€Å"Upper Class†). The upper class was known for their fabulous clothes, while the lower class was known for their simple homemade clothes. Since clothes were very important to the people of the Renaissance it became a status symbol during the Middle Ages (Camargo). Since clothes became a status symbol, the upper and lower classes were not allowed to wear the same clothes or clothing made of theRead MoreEssay Film Adaptation of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet896 Words   |  4 Pageslove story into a contemporary modern world so audiences today can access and understand the universal themes of the play in a familiar environment. One way Baz Luhrmann modernises the original text by Shakespeare is by replacing Elizabethan swords with the modern day guns. At the gas station scene, Capulet men say: draw if you be men. Lord Capulet states: Hand me my long sword and Benvolio shouts: put down your swords for you know not what you do. The gunsRead MoreEssay about The Elizabethan Era674 Words   |  3 Pages The Elizabethan era lasted from 1550-1625, it was a time of great change in English culture. â€Å"For perhaps the first time in history, man viewed his recent past with contempt, dismissing the Middle Ages, somewhat unfairly, as a hopelessly backward period.† (Kemper 67). Queen Elizabeth I ruled from 1558-1602. Queen Elizabeth drastically changed the design of clothing. She created new sumptuary laws that stated who could wear what distinct colors and articles of clothing. The Elizabethan era wasRead MoreEssay on Clothes and Fashion of the Elizabethan Era1050 Words   |  5 PagesOf all aspects of Elizabethan culture, the most distinctive is probably the clothing and fashion. A lot of the clothing varied to whether they were a member of the nobility, upper class or the poor. But even if a women or man was wealthy or poor, they were not allowed to wear whatever they wanted. It was a highly fashioned age that prized a look that was artificial, elaborate, and striking. The style of clothing of the Elizabethan Era are easily recognizable today and popular with designers of historicRead MoreFashion During the Elizabethan Era Essay1243 Words   |  5 Pages Have you ever wondered what people in the Elizabethan Era wore? Fashion was just as important in those days as it is to some people today. What people were wearing mattered to others, and even the government. During the Elizabethan Era clothing, accessories, and cosmetics were all a part of daily life. During the Elizabethan Era, there were a set of rules controlling which classes could wear which clothing called the Sumptuary Laws. The Sumptuary Laws controlled the colors and types of clothingRead MoreThe Globe Theater, Home of Many of Shakespeares Plays Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pageshad brought before them. Shakespeare’s plays became enjoyable and fun to watch, seeing actors dress in amazing costumes and props used in The Globe Theater. (1-1) The Globe Theater Architecture based on the structures similar to The Coliseum in Ancient Rome. Architecture on a grand size would house a capacity between 1500 to 3000 people. Classic Greek and Romans admired by the Elizabethans and sometimes great columns included the architecture. The Globe Theater design reflected the elements of RomanRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Analysis780 Words   |  4 Pagesit relevant to new contexts helping the viewer understand the play. The directors who made a production of Romeo and Juliet recontextualise Romeo and Juliet from their point of view, therefore, Zeffirelli recontextualised Romeo and Juliet in the Elizabethan era. The Baz Luhrmann production Romeo + Juliet shows Romeo and Juliet in a more modern era recontextualising the play by using modern language, props, and a modern setting by doing so the audience can understand Romeo and Juliet better. MoreoverRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Movie Analysis848 Words   |  4 Pagesthe mere fact that they die d. The deaths are each meaningful, contributing to the moral whereas the special effects and explosive scenes are purely for money and not to address the meaning of Shakespeare’s work. By using modern costumes instead of Elizabethan style costumes the director ends up portraying the capulets and montagues as ignorant common criminals and gangsters instead of two powerful rival families. This is shown when Mercutio cross-dresses as a woman and comes already on ecstasy atRead MorePortrayal Of Women During The Elizabethan Period1656 Words   |  7 Pagesteaching and taking care of the children at home, cleaning the house, and cooking and having food ready for the husbands when they come home after work. As evidence of characterization of female characters in Macbeth by William Shakespeare, the Elizabethan period had a lack of respect for women, but Shakespeare changed it by having powerful, strong and independent female characters, like Lady Macbeth. Throughout history, women have not had the same amount of right and respect as the men. â€Å"WomenRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Movie Analysis852 Words   |  4 Pagesthe mere fact that they died. The deaths are each meaningful, contributing to the moral whereas the special effects and explosive scenes are purely for money and not to address the meaning of Shakespeare’s work. By using modern costumes instead of Elizabethan style costumes the director ends up portraying the Capulets and Montagues as ignorant common criminals and gangsters instead of two powerful rival families. This is shown when Mercutio cross-dresses as a woman and comes already under the influence